Follow the marked center channel almost to the end and you'll see orange and green balls to starboard, near Champlins Marina. Grab any of them. The harbormaster will come by at some point to pick up your fee. They charge $20/day after Labor Day.
Dinghy dock is at Block Island Boat basin - dock closest to The Oar. Pumpout boat can be hailed on 73. Dinghy beach is at ESE end of Salt Pond. Entrance to Crescent Beach is a left turn as you exit the dinghy beach boardwalk to the road. Walk to town takes about 20 minutes from The Oar or 15+ minutes from the dinghy beach. Cabs are about $13 anywhere.