the wind speed and the shear angle.
You are correct that load goes up as the square of wind speed.
I found the impact of the shear interesting. It suggests that the use of a riding sail may actually reduce anchor load somewhat, but I have no experience with them. We see a lot where we are at the moemnt (West Sweden)
Our boat sails around at anchor more than most.
Notice that taking the roller furled jib off would help reduce anchor load a bit in a serious blow, as well as avoiding it ripping off or opening.