While not really common it is a known failure mode with Li ion batteries. Several laptops have been recalled including HP, Lenovo, Sony. The biggest drawbacks in my view would be the prohibitive cost and limited life compared to good old lead acid batteries.

http://www.cnet.com/news/hp-laptop-batteries-recalled-for-overheating/

http://www.pcworld.com/article/2128702/lenovo-recalls-thinkpad-batteries-for-fire-hazard.html

From Wikipedia:

"If overheated or overcharged, Li-ion batteries may suffer thermal runaway and cell rupture. In extreme cases this can lead to combustion."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery