Schooners sail through here all the time between Camden and Pulpit Harbor. I've placed a line about where Archangel likely was sailing. There's a Waypoint 0010 placed on the rock. On this it shows one * rock icon, but the hazzard is clearly marked(some charts may show 2 **).
I notice Archangel has dual steering stations, each with a massive Chartplotter screen, and good visibility forward, through a clear dodger window.
I would guess Archangel was sailing a more or less Easterly course, close reaching in 10 knots. Goose Rocks are clearly visible as is Lasell Island a half a mile away to the North East. Because there is a bar as well as the rock that exposes at high tide, she was headed for the safe passage between Lasell and the rock they hit(the safe passage is a quarter of a mile wide, at least).
An hour or so after HT, the current sets a bit to the south, that doesn't help.
But my guess is, they were not attempting to cut the rock closely. Why would you(I wasn't)? There's plenty of room through the passage and too much trouble around Goose Rocks to the Northeast.
I suspect somebody didn't notice the lone rock icon or otherwise mentally went lax. Once through the channel, you're home free for Pulpit.
I would bet they hit this rock for the same reason I did, and other boats in the past, simple complacency.
They was talk on the docks about setting a marker on that, but there was after I hit it, and likely a few years before when a local schooner fetched up on it(I'm told). That may help, but it won't stop this from happening.